“Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers”

of California, Los Angeles (Ph.D. Molecular Biology). He completed a residency in internal medicine and a fellowship in hematology and medical oncology at the UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. Why is MAOA a promising targeted approach for multiple cancer types, particularly prostate cancer?

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] ●MAOA is highly expressed in high-grade prostate cancer, and is upregulated in treatment-resistant cancers. It helps to control the balance of chemicals inside cells and also helps to control how genes are switched on and off.

Research has shown that MAOA plays a role in promoting cancer cell growth, metastasis, and immune evasion in prostate cancer. ●MAOA inhibitors, like phenelzine, a medication primarily used to treat depression, have been shown to decrease cancer growth in animal models.

It can be combined with other treatments, like androgen deprivation therapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors, to enhance anti-cancer effects. ●Phenelzine has the potential of hitting multiple targets, and it has shown to have activity in several cancer types. ●Repurposing an existing drug, like phenelzine, reduces the time and costs associated with drug development.

What additional preclinical research is needed to better understand the anti-cancer mechanisms of MAOIs and optimize MAOI use in cancer treatment? ●Detailed molecular mechanism studies to see how these medications interfere with the processes that make cancer cells run, and how they might change the cell's ability to produce energy.

●Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify specific cancer subtypes most likely to respond to this treatment. ●Combination studies with existing cancer treatments to understand potential synergistic effects, such as immune modulation and their interaction with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

●How nerves outside the brain and spinal cord connect to and affect different kinds of cancer. ●More targeted variants that can minimize side effects while maintaining anti-cancer efficacy. For which cancer patients might MAOIs be relevant? ●Patients with prostate cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, glioblastoma (brain cancer), colorectal cancer, melanoma, and Hodgkin's lymphoma.

●Patients with treatment-resistant cancers, especially those with high-grade or recurrent prostate cancer. Can you access MAOIs for cancer treatment today? ●MAOIs are not a standard approved cancer treatment. Dr. Gross's research is still preliminary, with a small pilot study of 24 patients showing some potential benefits for biochemical recurrent prostate cancer.

●While the drug exists, it's not widely available for cancer treatment. If you are interested in this approach, you would need to consult your oncologist and discuss the experimental nature of using MAOIs off-label.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell

. ●While the drug exists, it's not widely available for cancer treatment. If you are interested in this approach, you would need to consult your oncologist and discuss the experimental nature of using MAOIs off-label.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] How can you learn more about using MAOIs as a cancer treatment? ●Review Dr. Mitchell Gross's published research on monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in prostate cancer; contact Dr.

Gross at mgross@emilaorg ●Consult with oncologists specializing in prostate cancer who are familiar with repurposing drugs and with your medical team ●Follow clinical trials investigating MAOIs in cancer treatment ●Explore databases like ClinicalTrials.

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You should always consult a doctor about your specific situation before pursuing any health care program, treatment, product or other course of action that might affect your health.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] Meeting Notes KEYWORDS Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, cancer, prostate cancer,, repurposing, anti cancer effect, mao, brain, medicines SPEAKERS Mitchell Gross (68%), Allen Morris (10%), Brad Power (6%), Richard Anders (5%), Rochelle Prosser (4%), Brian McCloskey (4%), Michelle Sager (2%) SUMMARY Dr.

Mitchell Gross discussed the potential of repurposing drugs for cancer treatment, including off-label use of antidepressants, phenelzine, and Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA).

He shared his research on using antidepressants to combat prostate cancer and discussed the potential of targeting the MAOA pathway in prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence (a rise in PSA levels after initial prostate cancer treatment, indicating a potential return of the cancer).

The challenges and opportunities involved in repurposing drugs were highlighted, including the need for funding and the potential negative effects on micronutrients. The potential of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in cancer treatment was also discussed, including their location and specificity.

Speakers explored the potential of using historical databases to identify interactions between MAOA inhibitors and cancer, and discussed the development of new medicines that combine the benefits of MAOIs while minimizing their adverse effects. OUTLINE Introductions ●Brian McCloskey connected with Dr. Gross for prostate cancer treatment through repurposed drugs. ●Dr.

Gross presented his research on antidepressants combating prostate cancer.

pment of new medicines that combine the benefits of MAOIs while minimizing their adverse effects. OUTLINE Introductions ●Brian McCloskey connected with Dr. Gross for prostate cancer treatment through repurposed drugs. ●Dr. Gross presented his research on antidepressants combating prostate cancer. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and their relation to prostate cancer. ●Dr.

Gross discussed monoamine oxidase inhibitors and their relation to prostate cancer and other cancers. Monoamine oxidase A and its role in prostate cancer, including its upregulation in high-grade cancer and its potential as ●Dr. Gross explained the function of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in the body, including their role in regulating neurotransmitters.

●Monoamine oxidase A and B have different expressions in different parts of the body, and inhibitors can be specific to one or both forms.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] ●Dr. Gross discussed monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and its relation to prostate cancer, highlighting its high expression in high-grade prostate cancer and its potential as a target for treatment.

●Research shows that MLA is upregulated in treatment-resistant prostate cancer, including in animal models, and may be a promising target for overcoming resistance to Enzalutamide therapy. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors in prostate cancer treatment. ●Dr. Gross discussed the potential of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) in treating cancer, particularly in combination with other drugs.

●There is a long history of MAOIs in medicine, including their use in treating depression, and their relatively rare use in modern psychiatry. ●Clinical trial results on monoamine oxidase inhibitors for prostate cancer show 24% of patients experiencing PSA decline and 33% showing no progression.

●Patients on phenelzine/MAOIs have to avoid aged avocados and Mexican food due to tyramine interaction. Using monoamine oxidase inhibitors to treat cancer, with a focus on phenelzine and prochlorperazine. ●Researchers found that combining phenelzine with immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly accelerated anti-cancer effects in various cancer models. ●Dr.

Gross along with other researchers at USC are trying to redesign MAO inhibitors to target peripheral activity (outside of the brain) for cancer treatment. Safety and efficacy of MAO inhibitors in psychiatry. ●Dr. Gross explains the long-term safety of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in psychiatry, citing animal studies and human trials.

Off-label drug use for cancer treatment, with a focus on phenelzine and its potential benefits and risks. ●Dr. Gross discussed a preliminary pilot study on using phenelzine in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need to balance risks and benefits. ●Off-label drug use and personalized medicine highlight the need for genomics data to understand treatment efficacy. ●Dr.

d its potential benefits and risks. ●Dr. Gross discussed a preliminary pilot study on using phenelzine in cancer treatment, emphasizing the need to balance risks and benefits. ●Off-label drug use and personalized medicine highlight the need for genomics data to understand treatment efficacy. ●Dr.

Sager discussed MAOA as a potential immune modulator for cancer treatment, with challenges in delivering it across the blood-brain barrier. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors and their potential effects on cancer cells and the nervous system. ●Dr. Gross discussed mechanisms of MAOA in peripheral cancer tissues, including its role in regulating redox potential and cell differentiation.

●He raised a question of whether MAOA’s effects on the nervous system could be desirable in cancer treatment, despite lack of knowledge on the topic.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] ●He discussed the potential side effects of a drug, including a tyramine surge in the bloodstream, and the importance of separating the two effects to understand them better.

●He also mentioned that an MAOA inhibitor could be used to reduce the toxicity of the drug, and there is a literature on this in psychiatry dating back to the 1970s. Repurposing drugs for cancer treatment, including challenges and potential solutions. ●Richard Anders asked about using the Medicare database for cancer research, and Dr.

Gross mentioned unpublished real-world evidence from other countries. ●Dr. Gross discussed repurposing existing drugs, including safety considerations and Brian's involvement in the topic. ●Dr. Gross mentioned a nonprofit called Reboot that repurposes drugs, but faces challenges in getting them through the regulatory system. ●Brian McCloskey suggests working with Dr.

Gross to update the NCCN guidelines with evidence supporting drug repurposing. ●Rochelle Prosser discussed potential micronutrient interactions with targeted therapies, including FGFR drugs and their impact on survivorship. Using ADT in combination with Enzalutamide for BCR patients.

●Allen Morris presented a theory that women are in a better immune state than men, based on observations of autoimmune diseases, cancer, and COVID-19 outcomes. ●Morris suggests ADT class drugs, which are proven treatments for high risk BCR patients, if phenelzine is used off-label for BCR, should still be given. And highlights Dr. Gross’ research that suggests synergy.

Repurposing an Antidepressant Against Prostate and Other Cancers” (Mitchell Gross, MD, PhD) [#105] TRANSCRIPT Brad Power This is the Cancer Patient Lab. Let me quickly cover our standard housekeeping items before we get started. The first is that this is not medical advice. This is for information purposes only. Everything that you hear is with a goal of allowing you to take some of these ideas to your medical team for consideration in your care. We are a patient-led learning community.