Tell me about colorectal cancer screening tests

According to the American Cancer Society's most recent screening guidelines, there are several approved screening options that fall into two main categories:

1. Stool-Based Tests:

• Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) - yearly
• Guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood Test (gFOBT) - yearly
• Multi-target stool DNA test (MT-sDNA, Cologuard) - every 3 years

1. Visual/Structural Exams:

• Colonoscopy - every 10 years
• CT Colonography (virtual colonoscopy) - every 5 years
• Flexible Sigmoidoscopy - every 5 years

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) emphasizes that colonoscopy is considered the "gold standard" screening test because it can both detect and remove precancerous polyps in the same procedure.

According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines, average-risk individuals should begin screening at:

• Age 45 for people at average risk
• Earlier for those with family history or other risk factors

Important notes:

• If any stool-based test is positive, a follow-up colonoscopy is required
• Each test has different advantages and limitations
• The best screening test is the one that gets done - discuss with your doctor which option is most appropriate for you

Always consult with your healthcare provider to determine which screening method is best for your specific situation and how often you should be screened based on your personal risk factors.